10th IT / 402 Book 2 – Employability Skills
Unit 2 - Self-Management Skills
Following
are some of the skills you must master to succeed in life: • Self-awareness •
Responsibility • Time Management • Adaptability
Session
1: Stress Management
Always
keep in mind the ABC of stress management A: Adversity or the stressful event
B: Beliefs or the way you respond to the event C: Consequences or actions and
outcomes of the event
Stress
management can help you to • have a joyful life. • focus and complete tasks on
time. • be a happy person as you are stress free. • be more energetic and spend
quality time with your friends and family.
Three
Steps to Manage Stress: Step 1: Be aware that you are stressed Step
2: Identify what is causing you stress
Step 3: Apply stress management
methods
Stress
Management Techniques
•
Time management: • Physical exercise and fresh air: • Healthy diet: •
Positivity: • Organising academic life; no delaying: • Holidays with family and
friends:
4.1
Physical Exercise When stress affects the brain, rest of the body
also feels the impact. Physical
exercise in the form of walking, skipping or for that matter indulging in any
sports has been found to relieve stress as they stabilize mood, improve
self-esteem and induce sleep.
4.2 Yoga Yoga is a
school of Hindu philosophy that reduces stress. Yoga includes a series of postures and breathing exercises
practiced to achieve control of body and mind.
4.3 Meditation It is a
practice where an individual is supposed to focus his/her mind on a particular
object, thought or activity to achieve a calm mental state reducing stress.
4.4 Enjoying Recreational activities
like watching movies, attending concerts, playing games, involving in adventure
sports, singing, dancing or even sketching can help individuals transcend to a
happier mental state and help manage stress.
4.5 Going
On Vacations with Family and Friends Vacations provide an opportunity of
taking a holiday from our routine and appreciate different facets of life.
Vacations can be taken up to friends and relatives’ place as well as to far
flung attractive locations. Vacationing helps in de-stressing individuals.
4.6
Taking Nature Walks Taking nature walks in a pristine environment of a national
park or a sanctuary or a trail in country side / village, brings us a calmness
by allowing our over stimulated minds a chance to relax and helps us to relax
Stress
causal agents can have following origins à Mental:, Physical:, Physical:, Financial:
Importance
of Stress
•
Improves mood • Boosts immune system • Promotes longevity • Leads to burst of
physical strength, which is vital for reaching goal • Complete mental and
physical engagement for task accomplishment • Increases efficiency and
effectiveness • Prevents psychological disorders and behavioral problems
5.
Self-Reliance - Ability to Work Independently
5.1
Importance of The Ability to Work Independently
Following
benefits of working independently advocate its importance. • Ensures greater
learning. • Individuals feel more empowered and responsible. • It provides
flexibility to choose and define working hours and working mechanisms. •
Failure and success of the task assigned are accounted by individuals. •
Individuals become assets to organizations, groups and nations at large. • It
ensures creativity and satisfaction amongst individuals.
5.2
Enhancing Ability to Work Independently
Ability to work independently can be
enhanced by being self-aware, self-motivated and selfregulated
Ability
to Work Independently If you can become a calm and relaxed person, you will be
have the ability to work independently, which means.
1. becoming self-aware, self-monitoring and
self-correcting.
2. knowing what you need to do.
3. taking the initiative rather than being told what
to do.
4. recognising your mistakes and not blaming others.
5. having the ability and the will to learn
continuously.
Emotional
Intelligence: Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify and manage
one’s own emotions, as well as the emotions of others. It is generally said to
include at least three skills:
•
Emotional awareness: the ability to identify and name one’s own emotions. • Harnessing emotions: the
ability to harness and apply emotions to tasks like thinking and problem
solving. • Managing emotions:
the ability to regulate one’s own emotions when necessary and help others to do
the same
Some
steps to manage emotional intelligence are as given below. • Understand your
emotions: Observe your behaviour and note the things you need to work on. You
can then work on the things you need to improve. • Rationalise: Do not take
decisions abruptly; be rational in your thinking. • Practise: Do meditation and
yoga to keep yourself calm.
Session 2: Self-awareness— Strength
and Weakness Analysis
Being
self-aware means that you can identify your strengths and weaknesses.
Knowing Yourself Understanding who you
are, what you like or dislike, what are your beliefs, what are your opinions,
what is your background, what you do well and what you do not do well is
important because only then can you actually measure your strengths and weaknesses
Examples
of strengths • I am good at creative writing. • I am confident of
speaking in front of an audience. • I play guitar very well.
Examples
of weaknesses • I find it difficult to solve mathematics problems. • I
would like to speak English fluently. • I do not like to lose in any game or
sports.
Techniques
for Identifying your Strengths and Weaknesses
Finding
Strengths (or abilities) • Think of anything that you are always successful at.• Think
about what others like in you. • Take out time and think about what you do
well.
Finding
Weaknesses • Point out the areas where you struggle and the things you
find difficult to do. • Look at the feedback others usually give you. • Be open
to feedback and accept your weaknesses without feeling low about it. Take it as
an area of improvement
Table
2.1: Difference between Interests and Abilities
|
S.No |
Interests |
Abilities |
|
1. |
Things
that you like to do in your free time that make you happy. |
An
acquired or natural capacity |
|
2. |
Things
you are curious about or would do even if no one asked you to do it. |
Enable
you to perform a particular job or task with considerable proficiency. |
|
3. |
Things
you want to learn or would like to do in the future. |
|
Self-motivation is simply the force
within you that drives you to do things. Self-motivation is what pushes us to
achieve our goals, feel happy and improve our quality of life.
Rekha
gets up at 5 am and goes for her dance classes. Then she comes home and
finishes her homework before going to school. She does this all by herself. No
one tells her to do it.
Types of
Motivation
Internal
Motivation: LOVE We do things because they make us happy, healthy and feel
good. For example, when you perform on your annual day function and you learn
something new, such as dancing, singing, etc., you feel good.
External
Motivation: REWARD We do things because they give us respect, recognition and
appreciation. For example, Suresh participated in a 100m race and won a prize.
This motivated him to go for practice every morning.
Session
4: Self-regulation— Goal Setting Goals and Setting SMART Goals
Goals: They are a set of dreams
with a deadline to get them, for example, saving pocket money to buy a
favourite mobile phone by a particular date.
Goal
setting: It is all about finding and listing your goals and then planning on how
to achieve them.
How to Set Goals? We can use SMART method
to set goals. SMART stands for:
• Specific: • Measureable: • Achievable : •
Realistic: • Time bound:
Session
5: Self-regulation— Time Management Time Management and Its Importance
Time
management is the thinking skill that helps you to • complete tasks on time. •
make a daily timetable. • make a good guess at how long it will take you to do
something. • submit homework and assignments on time. • not waste time during
the day.
Tips
for Practicing the Four Steps for Effective Time Management • Avoid delay or
postponing any planned activity • Organise your room and school desk • Develop
a ‘NO DISTURBANCE ZONE’, where you can sit and complete important tasks • Use
waiting time productively • Prepare a ‘To-do’ list • Prioritise • Replace
useless activities with productive activities
Unit 2:- Self-Management Skills
|A - MCQ (Book
Solutions)
1. What makes you complete work or studies
without others cheering you?
(a) Self-confidence (b)
Communication (c) Self-motivation (d) Self-esteem
2. Which of the following are types
of motivation?
(a) Internal (b) Intermediate
(c) External (d) Extensive A and C both Answer
3. Ravi works hard to get the best student
award at the end of year. What type of motivation is this?
(a) Internal (b) External (c) Both internal and
external (d) Not any specific type of motivation
Unit 2 - Self Management Skills | B - Subjective Questions (Book Solutions)
1. Describe stress and stress management in your own words.
Ans.
Stress is our emotional, mental, physical and social reaction to any perceived
demands or threats.
For example, you are too close to the
exams but feel unprepared.
Stress
Management is about making a plan to be able to cope effectively with daily
pressures. You have to make a suitable plan for your daily life routines so
that it would not put hard pressure on you. If you are not able to manage
yourself to the increasing pressure this will led to stress.
Our
main goal is to maintain a balance between life, work, relationships,
relaxation and fun. By doing this, you are able to manage
stress-related problems in your daily life
2. List your
favorite stress management technique and elaborate on why you find it the most
effective for you.
Ans. The stress management
techniques are:
(1) Time Management - One of my favorite stress management technique and I think this
is the most important one. If we are able to manage time properly then there
will be no pressure of pending work on us.
(2) Physical exercise and fresh air - Doing yoga, meditation and deep
breathing exercises help in proper blood circulation and relaxes the body.
Which will help to become more active.
(3) Healthy diet - Eating a balanced diet, such as
Dal, Roti, vegetables and fruits will give the strength to do daily work
efficiently.
(4) Positivity - Focussing on negative aspects
of life will add more stress. Instead, learn to look at the good things and
stay positive. For example, instead of feeling upset over scoring less in a
test, try to maintain a positive attitude and look at ways to improve the next time.
(5) Organising academic life; no delaying - By keeping class notes organised, finishing in assignments on
time, and keeping track of all deadlines, stress can be reduced to a great
extent.
(6) Sleep - A good night’s sleep for at least 7 hours helps the brain and body
get recharged to function better the next day.
(7) Holidays with family and friends - Going to a relative’s place, such as your grandparents’ house or a
new place during your summer vacations can help to break from the normal
routine and come back afresh.
3. What is Goal
Setting?
Ans. Goal setting is a process which
helps a person to decide where he wants to go in life. This will help them to
decide where to put his efforts to achieve that goal. After deciding the goal
or aim of life one can easily go through the process of achieving it. This
gives you the motivation to work hard.
4. In SMART goals, what does ‘S’ stand for? Explain.
Ans. In SMART goals ‘S’ stands for
Specific goal. A specific and clear goal answers six questions. Who is involved
in the goal? What do I want to do? Where do I start? When do I start and
finish? Which means do I use? Why am I doing this?
For Example: Not a specific goal: “I want to become a doctor.”
Specific
goal: “I want to become a doctor by
studying MBBS after my school gets over. After getting my MBBS degree I will
make a hospital in my village.”
5. What is the best way to work on
long-term goals?
Ans. The best way to work
on long-term goals is:
Part-1 Develop a long-term goal
(1)
Ask yourself where you’d
like to see yourself in next few years.
(2)
Build a goal from your
board ideas.
(3)
Write out a specific goal.
(4)
Separate short and
long-term goals.
(5)
Assess your goal to make
sure it’s manageable.
Part-2 Achieving your Long-Term Goal
(1)
Commit to one long-term goal at a time.
(2)
Break your goal into sub-goals.
(3)
Set up a timetable for your goal and sub-goals.
(4)
Work on your self-discipline.
(5)
Develop habits that aid in accomplishing your goal.
(6)
Review your progress regularly.
(7)
Identify obstacles you might encounter.
Part-3 Staying Motivated for Long-Term Goals
(1)
Take breaks regularly.
(2)
Try to make your goal fun.
(3)
Celebrate your successes
6. What is time management and how can you manage your
time?
Ans. Time management is the ability
to plan and control how you spend the hours of your day well and do all that
you want to do.
The
steps for effectively managing time are:
Step-1 Organise
• We plan our day-to-day activities. • We make a timetable that we follow.
• We keep our surroundings and study table clean. • We put things back
where they belong.
• It helps us save time!
Step-2 Priorities
• We
make a to-do list that has all our activities and we rank them in the order of
importance.
For
example, you may rank doing homework as the most important task. It helps us to
get the most important task done first and also to track what is pending.
Step-3 Control
• We
have a control over our activities and time.
• We
avoid time wasters like chatting on the phone, surfing gossip sites, etc., and
focus on more important things.
Step-4 Track
• We identify and note where we have spent our time.
This will help us analyse if we have used our time effectively or not. It also
helps us to identify time-wasting activities.
7. How can tracking your time help you?
Ans. Tracking your time helps you
gain perspective on your life, so you can determine whether the way you spend
your time is true to your priorities and what’s important to you. By tracking
your time you can
● See how many hours you actually work. ● Can separate
from the stories you tell yourself.
● Discover what your priorities actually
are. ● Time
feels richer.
Unit 2:- Self-Management Skills
|A - MCQ (Book
Solutions)
1. What makes you complete work or studies
without others cheering you? (c) Self-motivation
2. Which of the following are types of motivation? (a) Internal (b) Intermediate (c) External (d) Extensive A and C both Answer
3. Ravi
works hard to get the best student award at the end of year. What type of
motivation is this? (a)
Internal (b) External (c) Both internal and
external (d) Not any specific type of motivation
Unit 2 - Self Management Skills | B - Subjective Questions (Book Solutions)
1. Describe stress and stress management in your own words.
Ans.
Stress is our emotional, mental, physical and social reaction to any perceived
demands or threats.
For example, you are too close to the
exams but feel unprepared.
Stress
Management is about making a plan to be able to cope effectively with daily
pressures. You have to make a suitable plan for your daily life routines so
that it would not put hard pressure on you. If you are not able to manage
yourself to the increasing pressure this will led to stress.
Our
main goal is to maintain a balance between life, work, relationships,
relaxation and fun. By doing this, you are able to manage
stress-related problems in your daily life
2. List your
favourite stress management technique and elaborate on why you find it the most
effective for you. Ans. The stress management
techniques are:
(8) Time Management - One of my favorite stress management technique and I think this
is the most important one. If we are able to manage time properly then there
will be no pressure of pending work on us.
(9) Physical exercise and fresh air - Doing yoga, meditation and deep
breathing exercises help in proper blood circulation and relaxes the body.
Which will help to become more active.
(10)Healthy diet - Eating a balanced diet, such as
Dal, Roti, vegetables and fruits will give the strength to do daily work
efficiently.
(11)Positivity - Focussing on negative aspects
of life will add more stress. Instead, learn to look at the good things and
stay positive. For example, instead of feeling upset over scoring less in a
test, try to maintain a positive attitude and look at ways to improve the next time.
(12)Organising academic life; no delaying - By keeping class notes organised, finishing in assignments on
time, and keeping track of all deadlines, stress can be reduced to a great
extent.
(13)Sleep - A good night’s sleep for at least 7 hours helps the brain and body
get recharged to function better the next day.
(14)Holidays with family and friends - Going to a relative’s place, such as your grandparents’ house or a
new place during your summer vacations can help to break from the normal
routine and come back afresh.
3. What
is Goal Setting? Ans. Goal setting is a process which
helps a person to decide where he wants to go in life. This will help them to
decide where to put his efforts to achieve that goal. After deciding the goal
or aim of life one can easily go through the process of achieving it. This
gives you the motivation to work hard.
4. In SMART goals, what does ‘S’ stand for? Explain.
Ans. In SMART goals ‘S’ stands for
Specific goal. A specific and clear goal answers six questions. Who is involved
in the goal? What do I want to do? Where do I start? When do I start and
finish? Which means do I use? Why am I doing this? For Example: Not a
specific goal: “I want
to become a doctor.”
Specific
goal: “I want to become a doctor by
studying MBBS after my school gets over. After getting my MBBS degree I will
make a hospital in my village.”
5. What is the best way to work on
long-term goals?
Ans. The best way to work
on long-term goals is:
Part-1 Develop a long-term goal
(6)
Ask yourself where you’d like to see yourself in next few years.
(7)
Build a goal from your
board ideas.
(8)
Write out a specific goal.
(9)
Separate short and
long-term goals.
(10) Assess your goal to make sure it’s manageable.
Part-2
Achieving your Long-Term Goal
(8) Commit to one long-term goal at a time.
(9) Break your goal into sub-goals.
(10)Set up a timetable for your goal and sub-goals.
(11)Work on your self-discipline.
(12)Develop habits that aid in accomplishing your goal.
(13)Review your progress regularly.
(14)Identify obstacles you might encounter.
Part-3 Staying Motivated for
Long-Term Goals
(4) Take breaks regularly.
(5) Try to make your goal fun.
(6) Celebrate your successes
6. What is time management and how can you manage your
time? Ans. Time management is the ability
to plan and control how you spend the hours of your day well and do all that
you want to do.
The
steps for effectively managing time are: Step-1 Organize:
• We
plan our day-to-day activities. • We make a timetable that we follow. • It
helps us save time! • We
keep our surroundings and study table clean. • We put things back
where they belong.
Step-2 Priorities: • We make a to-do
list that has all our activities and we rank them in the order of importance.
For example, you may rank doing homework as the most important task. It helps
us to get the most important task done first and also to track what is pending.
Step-3 Control: • We have a control over
our activities and time. • We
avoid time wasters like chatting on the phone, surfing gossip sites, etc., and
focus on more important things.
Step-4 Track: • We identify and
note where we have spent our time. This will help us analyse if we have used
our time effectively or not. It also helps us to identify time-wasting activities.
7. How can tracking your time help you?
Ans. Tracking your time helps you
gain perspective on your life, so you can determine whether the way you spend
your time is true to your priorities and what’s important to you. By tracking
your time you can
● See how many hours you actually work. ● Can separate from the stories you tell
yourself.
● Discover
what your priorities actually are. ● Time
feels richer.
|
S
No |
Question
(Self Mng.) PYQ |
Marks |
Year |
|
1 |
___________ is a series of postures
and breathing exercises practiced to achieve control of body and mind. a.
Meditation b. Nature Walk c. Yoga d. Physical Exercise 1 (SQP 23) |
1 |
23
SQP |
|
2 |
__________ is not the quality of
self-confident people. a. Dependent c. Positive Attitude b. Hard Working d. Commitment
1 (SQP 23) |
1 |
23
SQP |
|
3 |
Sonika gets up at 6 am and goes for
her hobby classes. Then she comes back home and finishes her homework before
going to school. She does all work by herself. No one tells her to do so.
This is called ___________. a. Self-Awareness b. Self-Motivation c.
Self-Regulation d. Discipline 1 |
1 |
22
T1 SQP |
|
4 |
High expectations from self can leave
one with chronic anxiety and stress, thus leading to stress. a. Physical b.
Emotional c. Mental d. Financial 1 |
1 |
22
T1 SQP |
|
5 |
Trisha is always tense during exam
time. She is a sincere and studious student, but the thought of exams creates
anxiety in her. Which stress management technique that you would suggest to
help her? a) Yoga b) Exercise c) Vacation with Family d) All of these 1 |
1 |
21
SQP |
|
6 |
_______ ability of a person to do the
things that need to be done without someone or something influencing us. a) Self-Motivation c) Self Discipline b) Self Awareness d) Self-Regulation 1 |
1 |
21
SQP |
|
7 |
In SMART goals, what does “A” stands
for ? 1 (A) Artificial (B) Aim (C) Alignment (D) Achievable |
1 |
21
CPYQ |
|
8 |
Neha works hard to get the best
student award at the end of the year. What type of motivation is this ? 1 (A)
Internal (B) External (C) Both (Internal & External) (D) None of
the above |
1 |
21
CPYQ |
|
9 |
Vacationing helps in
____________________individuals. Answer – de-stressing |
1 |
20
SQP |
|
10 |
Physical exercise in the form of
____________, ___________________to relieve stress as they stabilize mood,
improve self-esteem and induce sleep. Answer – walking, skipping |
1 |
20
SQP |
|
11 |
_____________ refers to
focusing human efforts for maintaining a healthy body and mind capable of
better withstanding stressful situations Ans: Stress Management / Yoga / Meditation /Exercise /Vacations with
friends and family /Taking Nature walks |
1 |
20
PYQ |
|
12 |
Having conscious knowledge of
your own self capabilities, feelings and one's own character is called as
______________ Ans: Awareness
/ Confidence / Consciousness / Esteem (use of word ‘Self ‘, ‘External’ or
‘Internal’ with the above words should also be considered) |
1 |
20
PYQ |
|
13 |
What are the advantages of the
ability to Work Independently? 2 |
2 |
23
SQP |
|
14 |
Name the Stress causal agents. 2 |
2 |
23
SQP |
|
15 |
Goal setting is a very essential
factor in your personal life. List all the SMART methods to set the goals.
Explain ‘A’ in brief. 2 |
2 |
21
SQP |
|
16 |
What is “Self Motivation”? - 2 |
2 |
21
CPYQ |
|
17 |
How many origins can have stress
causal? Answer: Mental, Physical, Social, Financial. |
2 |
20
SQP |
|
18 |
List any
two factors that affect self-confidence. Ans: 1. Childhood 2. Family 8. Spirituality/Yoga/Meditation/Exercise
9. Relationships 10. Health 11. Academics 12. Self-belief 13.
Stress |
2 |
20
PYQ |
Unit – 3: Entrepreneurial Skills
Session 1: Entrepreneurship and Society
Fulfil Customer Needs Demand means a
product or service that people want.
Use Local Materials, Help Society, Create
Jobs, Sharing of Wealth, Lower Price of Products,
Entrepreneurship has some positive impact on
society such as:
• Accentuates economic Growth • Fosters
Creativity • Stimulates Innovation and Efficiency • Creates Jobs and Employment
Opportunities • Solves the problems of the society • Encourages welfare of the
society
Society plays a role in boosting entrepreneurship by:
• Creates needs and demands • Provides raw
materials • Enables financial support • Creates a need for education •
Catalyses policy formation and reform • Facilitates networking • Supports
infrastructure development
However, entrepreneurship also creates some
adverse impact on society sometimes. This happens in the form of environmental
degradation, trade imbalance, labour exploitation etc.
5. Role of Entrepreneurs
5.1 Innovator’s Role:, 5.2 Agent’s role:,
5.3 Coordinating role:, 5.4 Risk assumption role:, 5.5 Capital formation role:,
5.6 Imitating role:, 5.7 Employment Generation role:, 5.8 Status transformation
role:, 5.9 Balancing role:
6. Importance
of Entrepreneurs:
6.1 Free market evolution:
6.2 Efficiency improvements:
6.3 New markets:
6.4 New values:
Some common entrepreneurship activities related to
society include:
2.1 Social Entrepreneurship:,
2.2 Agricultural Entrepreneurship:,
2.3 Women Entrepreneurship:,
2.4 Small Scale Entrepreneurship:
Session 2: Qualities and Functions of an
Entrepreneur
We also learnt that successful entrepreneurs have the
following qualities.
• They are confident.
They believe in themselves
and their abilities. • They keep trying
new
ideas
in their business. • They are patient. • They are creative and think
differently
about business ideas. •
They take responsibility for
their actions. • They take decisions
after thinking about them. • They work hard.
• They do not give
up
when they face a difficulty
Hard work, Optimism, Independence, Energetic,
Self-confident, Perseverant
Session 3: Myths about Entrepreneurship
Misconception 1 The misconception is that
every business idea needs to be unique or special.
Misconception 2 The misconception we have
is that a person needs a lot of money to start a business.
Misconception 3 A misconception we have is
that only a person having a big business is an entrepreneur.
Misconception 4 A misconception we have is
that entrepreneurs are born, not made
Some common risks entrepreneurs take
are around return on investment, hiring of new employees, working with vendors
etc.
7.1 Entrepreneurs are born a certain way
7.2 Great ideas are what makes
entrepreneurs
7.3 Entrepreneurs have to take a lot of
risk
7.4 Businesses either skyrocket or fail
7.5 A lot of money is required to start any
business
7.6 One must know everything before
starting a business
Session 4: Entrepreneurship as a Career Option
A career is a line of work that a person
takes for life. There are two ways a person can earn a living. They are
1. self-employment 2. wage employment
how taking the route of entrepreneurship benefits
an individual
8.1 Nurtures development of entrepreneurial
skills and capabilities:
8.2 Enables application of an
entrepreneurial mindset:
8.3 Develops the ability to handle failure
and ambiguity:
8.4 Enhances critical thinking and
problem-solving ability:
8.5 Provides early exposure to the real
world:
8.6 Inspires to think about one’s career
differently:
Unit 3 - Entrepreneurial Skills | A - MCQ (Book Solutions)
A. Here are
some stories of some entrepreneurs. Tick the option for the quality they are
showing.
1. Ravi’s customer comes to
his store and starts shouting at him. He does not get angry. He listens to what
his customer is saying. He is...........................
(a) hardworking (b) confident (c) patient (d) Trying new ideas
2. Susheela decides to sell her company tyres in Sri Lanka. It
does not sell and she has a loss. She apologises to the people who work for
her. She says she will plan better next time.
She...............................
(a) takes responsibility for your mistakes (b) thinks before making a
decision
(c) does not give up (d) is creative
B. Tick the correct option for the function that the entrepreneur
is doing.
1. Ali has a diamond factory. He pays his employees on the 1st of
every month.
(a) Creates a new product (b) Manages the business (c) Takes risk
2.
Mary buys bulbs for her business from Noida. She learns that bulbs are cheaper
in Faridabad. So, she decides to start buying bulbs from there. (a) Makes decisions (b) Divides income (c)
Takes risk
3.
Rehnuma has two people who work for her. Every day, she spends one hour with
them to learn about what they’ve done that day. (a) Creates a new product (b) Divides income (c)
Manages the business
C. Write against the option, if the business idea is of
self-employment or wage employment.
(a) Cooking in a
restaurant Ans.
Wage Employment
(b) Owning a clothing
business Ans. Self Employment
(c) Having a dosa selling
stall Ans. Self Employment
D. Write True or False
1. Entrepreneurs can create jobs in the
market. True
2. When many entrepreneurs sell mobile phones in
a market, the prices of phones increase. False
3. Entrepreneurs identify a need in the market
and build a product or service for it. True
E. Match each story below with the misconception
about entrepreneurship.
|
Story |
Misconception |
|
Ramu owns a large clothes
shop. Shamu has a small store selling handmade sarees. Shamu does not call
himself an entrepreneur. Ans.
(c) |
a) Every business idea needs to be unique or special. |
|
Anna has a great idea for a
website. She has 5,000. She is waiting for ` 20,000 more, so that she can
start it. Ans. (d) |
(b) Entrepreneurs are born, not made. |
|
In a city of thousands of
tailoring shops, Gauri is a tailor who stitches good quality clothes and has
a very successful business. Ans.
(a) |
(c) A person needs to have a big business to be called an
entrepreneur. |
F. Match the columns
|
1. Surabhi opens 5
painting stores across India. Ans.
(c) |
a. Enter |
|
2. There are many coaching classes in
Mumbai. Jacob owns one of them. He is starting morning batches to attract
more students to his classes. Ans. (b) |
b. Survive |
|
3. Salma has started her
clothing line on the Internet. Ans.
(a) |
c. Grow |
Unit 3
- Entrepreneurial
Skills | B - Subjective Questions and Answers (Book Solutions)
..1. List the ways in which an entrepreneur
affects a society.
Ans. The ways in which an
entrepreneur affects a society are:
(1)
Fulfil Customer Needs: Entrepreneurs find out
what people want. Then, they use their creativity to come up with a business
idea that will meet that demand.
(2)
Use Local Materials: Entrepreneurs use the material
and people available around them, to make products at low cost.
(3)
Help Society: They make profits through
activities that benefit society. Some entrepreneurs work towards saving the
environment, some give money to build schools and hospitals. This way, the
people and area around them becomes better.
(4)
Create Jobs: With the growth of a business,
entrepreneurs look for more people to help them. They buy more material, and
from more people. The also hire more people to work for them.
(5)
Sharing of Wealth: As entrepreneurs grow
their business, the people working for them and in related businesses also
grow.
(6)
Lower Price of Products: As more entrepreneurs
sell the same product, the price of the product goes down. For example, when
more mobile phones were getting sold in India, the cost of the phone became
lesser.
2. What do you think are the important functions of an
entrepreneur? Write your answer giving suitable examples.
Ans. The functions of an entrepreneur
are:
(1)
Making Decisions: An entrepreneur makes
decisions everyday. This includes what to produce or sell, how much and where
to sell.
(2)
Managing the Business: An entrepreneur plans the
future of his or her business. He/she arranges for raw material, hires people
for work and tells everyone what to do. They also check if the plan is being
followed.
(3)
Divide Income: The entrepreneur divides
the business money into many groups. He/she spends money to buy material, pays
rent of the building and salaries to people.
(4)
Taking Risk: Risk is the chance of something
going wrong. An entrepreneur takes risks against fires, lost items and theft.
(5)
Create a new Method, Idea or
Product: An entrepreneur is always trying new things. He/she does
this to increase their importance and income.
3. What is the difference between a misconception and reality?
Give an example.
Ans.
The difference between misconception and reality are:
Misconception: A myth, or a misconception, is
a false belief or opinion about something. For example, if we think tall people
run faster than short people, we have a misconception. It is not true. The
truth is that short people can also run fast.
Reality: Reality means the things
which actually exist. It may happen that it appears or nor. You may have
unnoticed it but in actual it exists. In other words, the reality is all the
things which has real existence irrespective of appearance or not.
|
S
No |
Question
(Entrepreneurship) PYQ |
Marks |
Year |
|
1 |
Give any one quality of a
successful entrepreneur 1 Innovative, Creative |
1 |
22
T2 SQP |
|
2 |
From the following statements,
which one is not correct about the Qualities of an entrepreneur a. Successful
entrepreneurs adapt the habit of hard work from a very early stage. b. Entrepreneur should not think optimistically
about the future of the business. c. Confident entrepreneur must not deviate from his/her decisions too
early in case success is delayed. d. Entrepreneurs like to function at their
own will and rules. 1 (SQP 23) |
1 |
23
SQP |
|
3 |
From the following
statements, which one is not the positive impact of Entrepreneurship on
society: a. Stimulates Innovation and Efficiency b. Creates Jobs and
Employment Opportunities c. Solves the problems of the society d. Discourages welfare of the society 1 (SQP 23) |
1 |
23
SQP |
|
4 |
Name the person who combines
factors in a creative manner to generate value for customers and create
wealth. |
1 |
22
T2 PYQ |
|
5 |
Name the skill that helps
anyone to lead, guide and supervise people who work for the business. |
1 |
22
T2 PYQ |
|
6 |
Name the quality that helps
any entrepreneur to accept failure, learn from mistakes, not give up and
continuously experiment. 1 Ans: Perseverant |
1 |
22
T2 CPYQ |
|
7 |
Write any two examples of
common risks that any entrepreneur takes. 1 Ans: Some common risks entrepreneurs
take are |
1 |
22
T2 CPYQ |
|
8 |
Entrepreneurship has a
crucial role in the ____________ of the society. a) Evolution b) Planning c) Functioning d) None of these 1 |
1 |
21
SQP |
|
9 |
An __________ is a person who
establishes a business or a venture that generates some value to the customer
and proves to be profitable for him.
Answer – Entrepreneur |
1 |
20
SQP |
|
10 |
Entrepreneurs are not job
seekers but they create opportunities of employment for people. (True/False) |
1 |
20
PYQ |
|
11 |
Explain any two functions of
an entrepreneur. 2 Ans: Any two functions of an entrepreneur are : |
2 |
22
T2 SQP |
|
12 |
Explain any two Myths about
Entrepreneurship. 2 Ans: 1. The misconception is that every business |
2 |
23
SQP |
|
13 |
Write any four roles of
Entrepreneurs. 2 Ans: Any four roles of Entrepreneurs are: |
2 |
23
SQP |
|
14 |
Differentiate between
Agricultural Entrepreneurship and Small Scale Entrepreneurship with one point
only. Ans: Agricultural Entrepreneurship: Agricultural Entrepreneurship can
be defined as being primarily |
2 |
22
T2 PYQ |
|
15 |
Explain any two roles of
entrepreneurs. 2 |
2 |
22
T2 CPYQ |
|
16 |
Mention any two
misconceptions about the Entrepreneurship. 2 |
2 |
21
SQP |
|
17 |
Define entrepreneurship. 2 |
2 |
21
CPYQ |
|
18 |
What are the myths about
Entrepreneurship? Explain any two Answer- The myths about Entrepreneurship
are: |
2 |
20
SQP |
|
19 |
List any four characteristics of
entrepreneurship. Ans: (Any four from the following) Ambition, Confidence,
Willingness, Ability to learn from mistakes, Trust and respect for the team,
Self-Motivation, Leadership , Risk taking , Optimistic , Innovative, Goal
oriented, Vision, Creativity, Motivator, Decision maker, Strong work ethics,
Action oriented, Disciplined, Dynamic agent, Skill, Knowledge etc. OR Any other characteristics of
entrepreneurship ½ mark for each correct characteristics |
2 |
20
PYQ |
|
20 |
(v) Deemand______________
means a product or service that people want. 1 |
|
|
Unit 3 - Basic ICT Skills | A -
MCQ (Book Solutions)
1. Which of
the following functions is not performed using a mouse?
(a) Turn on (b) Hover (c) Right click (d)
Drag and Drop
2. What is the
term used when you press and hold the left mouse key and move the mouse around?
(a) Highlighting (b) Dragging (c) Selecting (d) Moving
3. Here are the steps that take place when
starting a computer. Rearrange the steps in the correct order.
(a) Desktop appears after login (b)
Login screen appears (c)
Power-on Self-Test (POST) starts
(d) Operating system starts (e) Welcome screen
appears Ans.
c>>d>>e>>b>>a
4. Which one of the following shortcut keys is
used to paste a file?
(a) Ctrl + c (b) Ctrl + p (c)
Ctrl + v (d) Ctrl + x
5.
Which of the following is a valid file extension for Notepad file?
(a) .jpg (b) .doc (c) .text (d) . txt
6.
What keys do you use to copy something? (a) Ctrl+x (b) Ctrl+c (c) Ctrl+z (d)
Ctrl+y
7.
What happens if you leave a device plugged in even after it is charged 100%?
(a) It can break (b) It
can stop functioning (c) It can overheat (d) Data can get corrupt.
8.
How can an antivirus protect your device?
(a) It can protect it from overheating (b)
It can increase its performance (c) It can prevent data from
getting corrupt (d) It can backup data.
9.
Which option is not required to keep a device cool?
(a)
Keep the device unplugged when in use (b) Do not cover a laptop with
a blanket.
(c) Make sure the computer's CPU fan is working (d)
Avoid leaving the device in the sun.
10.
Which of the following is essential for maintaining a keyboard?
(a) Turn the keyboard upside down and shake it to remove foreign material.
(b) Blow dust and other particles with help of a blower.
(c) Use a very dilute combination of soap and water applied with a non-abrasive
cloth to remove stains from the keycaps.
(d)
All of the above.
11. What should you do to ensure secure online transactions?
(a) Lock your computer (b) Give credit card or bank
details only on safe websites
(c) Use anti-virus (d)
Do not use pirated software
12.
Which of the following trap small children into inappropriate relations?
(a)
Online predators (b) Worms (c) Trojan
Horse (d) Anti-Virus
13.
What should a strong password consist of?
(a) Only letters (b)
Numbers and special characters (c)
Name of a person
(d) Letters, numbers and special characters
Unit 3 - Basic ICT Skills | B- Subjective Important questions (Book Solutions)
1.
What is the function of the ENTER key?
Ans. The label on this key can be either ENTER or RETURN, depending on the
brand of computer. The ENTER or the RETURN key is used to move the cursor to
the beginning of a new line. In some programs, it is used to confirm the work
which is being done.
2.
How will you prevent others from using your computer?
Ans. To prevent computers from being used by unauthorized persons it must be
locked when the users are not working on it. This will ensure that no
unauthorised person can see or make changes to our information without taking
our permission. To make sure the computer is locked, the login-IDs and
passwords must be created. A login ID and password is like a key to the lock
which allows the user to use the computer only if the entered login ID and
password match with the computer database. Once finished the work, the user
must log out or sign out so that no one else can see the work.
3.
How is a computer file system similar to our physical file system in a school?
Ans. In any school, each teacher has a separate cabinet where they keep the
files of different students or classes on separate shelves. Similarly,
information on a computer is stored in electronic files, which can be put into
separate folders. It is easier to manage the electronic files as they can be
simply copied, moved, renamed or even deleted.
4.
What are the steps you will perform to save a text file in Ubuntu?
Ans. The steps to save a text
file in Ubuntu are:
1) Click on the Save button.
2) The Save As dialog box appears.
3) Browse to the Desktop folder, where you want to save a file.
4) Type the name of the file.
5) Click on Save.
5. Explain how to clean a computer on a daily
basis. Ans. The ways to clean a computer on a daily basis are:
(1)
Keyboard: Clean a keyboard with a soft brush to remove crumbs and dust particles.
(2)
Screen: Wipe the screen with a soft cloth to remove any finger marks.
(3)
Be careful
with food and drinks: Avoid eating and keeping glasses
of water or cups of coffee near a computer.
(4)
Handle devices
carefully: Handle and move your laptop carefully and avoid
dropping or banging it against a hard surface.
(5)
Keep the
computer cool: If a computer, laptop or mobile
device gets overheated, the internal parts can be damaged. The CPU has an
internal fan to keep it cool. We should make sure the fan is functioning. Avoid
leaving a device in the sun or in a closed car. We should be careful when using
a laptop while sitting in bed and make sure that the fan is not covered.
(6)
Do not overcharge your battery: Sometimes we keep a
device plugged in for charging even after it is fully charged. If we leave the
device plugged in for a long time, it can overheat the battery. This reduces
the battery life. Always unplug the device once it is charged 100%.
(7)
Always plug in devices
carefully: Any device being connected to a laptop or computer such as a USB
drive or headphones, should be done gently. It should not be forced into the
port. If you find it difficult to plug in a device, change the direction and
try instead of trying to force it in.
(8)
Do not run too many programs at
a time: When too many programs are running at the same time, the computer
can become slow and even crash. If a program/app is not being used, it should
be closed so that other programs can work smoothly.
8. List the various ways you can use to protect your data.
Ans. The various ways to protect our data from
theft and viruses are:
(a) Use passwords to login to your computer: Use
passwords that are difficult to guess. Passwords are difficult to hack if they are
a mix of small (For example ‘a b c d’) and capital letters (For example, ‘H J E
R’), numbers (For example ‘8 7 6 5’) and special characters (For example, ’% ^
# $’). This would prevent unauthorised people from using your computer.
(b) Install Anti-virus and Firewall: Anti-viruses
and Firewall monitor the data coming in and out of a computer and prevent
viruses from entering. Anti-viruses can also detect and clean viruses that may
have entered a computer.
(c) Encrypt Data: This is usually done by banks and
companies in which important customer information is stored. They can encrypt
their entire hard disk using the encryption feature in Windows (Bitlocker).
This would force users to use a decryption password (or key) before starting the
computer thus preventing unauthorised usage.
(d) Secure sites: Give
details of your credit card or bank account only on secure sites. See in the
address bar of the browser. If the site address starts with https://and a lock
symbol, then it is safe to give your credit card and bank details.
6.
How can you increase the performance of a computer?
Ans. The ways to increase the
performance of a computer are:
1) Uninstall unnecessary software 2) Limit the programs at startup 3)
Add more RAM to your PC
4) Check for spyware and viruses 5) Consider
a startup SSD
6) Use Disk Cleanup and defragmentation
7. Explain how
Trojan Horse virus works.
Ans. A Trojan horse, or Trojan, is a type of
malicious code or software that looks legitimate but can take control of your
computer. It is designed to harm your computer without knowing you. It can
steal the data, manage or change the data by itself. This will harm your
computer or network.
S No |
Question (ICT) PYQ |
Marks |
Year |
|
1 |
______________ operating system enables multiple users to work on the
same computer at different times or simultaneously. a. multiprogramming. b.
multiprocessors. c. multi-user. d. multi-tasking. 1 |
1 |
23 SQP |
|
2 |
To remove the files of temporary folder, we type _____________ in Run
dialog box after pressing “Windows button + R” on the keyboard. a. #temp# b. %temp% c. e $temp% d.
&temp& 1 (SQP 23) |
1 |
23 SQP |
|
4 |
A __________ operating system is a computing environment that reacts
to input within a specific period of time. a. Single User b. Multi-User c. Real Time d. Distribute 1 |
1 |
22 T1 SQP |
|
5 |
Identify the measure to protect computer from threats and viruses: a.
Sharing password with friends b. Allow anyone to use your device c. Use Antivirus d. Leave computer
without logging out 1 |
1 |
22 T1 SQP |
|
6 |
The cleaning of software installed in the computer cannot be achieved
by ____________. a) Disk cleanup b) backup c) Cleaning CPU cabinet d) Installing
antivirus software 1 |
1 |
21 SQP |
|
8 |
Which of the following shortcut keys is used to select all content of
a file ? 1 (A) Ctrl + A (B) Ctrl + X (C) Ctrl + V (D) Ctrl + Y |
1 |
21 CPYQ |
|
10 |
____________________ serves as an interface between the user and
computer. Answer - Operating System |
1 |
20 SQP |
|
12 |
A ______________ is a software that helps you type and work with text
on a computer (word processor/ spreadsheet/ calculator) Ans Word Processor |
1 |
20 PYQ |
|
3 |
What do you mean by Disk Defragmentation? 2 |
2 |
23 SQP |
|
7 |
What are the measures to increase the performance of a computer
system? 2 |
2 |
21 SQP |
|
9 |
Define worm. 2 |
2 |
21 CPYQ |
|
11 |
Write down the steps to create a folder in C drive with your name. |
2 |
20 SQP |
|
13 |
Write steps to highlight text in an OpenOffice
Writer. |
2 |
20 PYQ |
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